Communication

We've slowly learned not to send sensitive information like bank details by email, because it is at risk from bad actors. The same rule applies to any identity or credentials. Secure communication is crucial if we are to trust the data we are relying on. We are working on how that reality gets solved at internet scale.

$3.05 Billion
Business email compromise losses reported to the FBI in 2025.
60%
Share of 2024 breaches involving the human element — phishing, stolen credentials, mistakes.
$20.9 Billion
Total US cybercrime losses reported to the FBI in 2025, up 26% year on year.

Our approach

Our research examines a network in which value is no longer derived from owning and monetising identity data, but from the secure transport and consequential utility of identity material across that network. The identity layer we describe is a universal utility, available for all parties, organisations and individuals, to build secure identity and data workflows directly into their products and interactions. The focus shifts from data exploitation to service enablement.
Encrypted, but to whom?
Encrypted, but to whom?
Prime Minister Andy Burnham exchanged messages with someone impersonating Trump's chief of staff. He worked out the impersonation. The problem is that they could reach him at all. The device in a public official's pocket has no identity layer.
Exploring Call Fraud
Exploring Call Fraud
Since Telephone operators were replaced by dial phones, call fraud has been a problem, today it is a huge global industry. We explore how and why this problem remains so difficult to eradicate.

Discover our wider research

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